"India-Pakistan Tensions Escalate After Deadly Pahalgam Kashmir Attack: Impact on Indus Waters Treaty and Border Skirmishes in 2025"

India-Pakistan Tensions Escalate After Pahalgam Attack

Background of the Pahalgam Attack

On April 22, 2025, a terrorist attack in the Baisaran Valley near Pahalgam, Indian-administered Kashmir, resulted in the deaths of 26 individuals, predominantly Hindu tourists. The assailants reportedly segregated victims based on their religion before opening fire, indicating a targeted assault. The Resistance Front, a militant group linked to Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Taiba, claimed responsibility for the attack, though Pakistan denies any involvement.

Immediate Diplomatic Fallout

In response to the attack, India expelled Pakistani diplomats, suspended the Indus Waters Treaty, and revoked visas for Pakistani nationals. Pakistan retaliated by closing its airspace to Indian aircraft, suspending the Shimla Agreement, and expelling Indian diplomats. These actions have led to a significant deterioration in bilateral relations.

Military Clashes and Border Tensions

Following the diplomatic breakdown, skirmishes were reported along the Line of Control (LoC). India accused Pakistan of sponsoring terrorism, while Pakistan claimed to have shot down Indian drones. Both nations have heightened military readiness, raising concerns of a potential escalation into full-scale conflict.

International Reactions

The international community has expressed concern over the escalating tensions. The United Nations, United States, and other nations have urged both India and Pakistan to exercise restraint and engage in dialogue to prevent further escalation. China has also called for both countries to maintain peace and stability in the region.

Conclusion

The Pahalgam attack has reignited longstanding tensions between India and Pakistan, both nuclear-armed nations. The situation remains fluid, and the international community continues to monitor developments closely, hoping for a peaceful resolution to the crisis.

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